讲座题目：Paving the Green Tracks: The Environmental Impact of Heavy-haul Railways in China（中国重载铁路的环境影响）

主讲人：谭娅    对外经济贸易大学

讲座时间：2024年5月16日15:30

讲座地点：学院440

讲座内容摘要：

This paper studies how heavy-haul railways affect the environmental outcomes of air pollution. We exploit the large-scale progressive expansion of three heavy-haul railways in China as a quasi-natural experiment and construct a difference-in-differences model to identify its effect on air pollutants both along the heavy-haul railway itself and along the road transportation routes for coal that have been partly replaced by the heavy-haul railways. The results show that heavy-haul railway transportation is an environmentally clean mode of transportation. The substitution of road transport with heavy-haul railways leads to a decrease in air pollution within the counties traversed by key roads previously used for coal transportation. This shift results in a 1.5 percent reduction in PM2.5 in the area along these roads. The concentrations of other air pollutants, such as PM₁, PM₁₀, and NO₂, which are mainly emitted by heavy-duty trucks transporting coal, have also been significantly reduced. In addition, “road-to-rail” has promoted the clustering of clean industries such as services and high-tech industries along the original transportation roads. The back-of-envelope calculations suggest significant economic benefits resulting from the health outcomes brought by the reduction of pollutant concentration. Our findings shed light on the contribution of freight railways to the reduction of air pollution and reveal the importance of the “road-to-rail” transportation transformation.

本文研究了重载铁路对空气污染环境结果的影响。我们利用中国三条重载铁路的大规模逐步扩建作为准自然实验，并构建了一个双重差分模型，以确定其对空气污染物的影响，既沿着重载铁路本身，也沿着部分被重载铁路取代的煤炭运输公路路线。结果表明，重载铁路运输是一种环境友好的运输方式。用重载铁路替代公路运输导致了沿着先前用于煤炭运输的关键公路所穿越的县市内空气污染的减少。这种转变导致了沿着这些道路的区域PM2.5的减少约1.5%。由运输煤炭的重型卡车主要排放的其他空气污染物，如PM1、PM10和NO2的浓度也显著降低了。此外，“公转铁”促进了服务和高科技产业等清洁产业沿着原有的运输道路的聚集。粗略估算表明，由于减少污染物浓度而带来的健康结果带来了显著的经济利益。我们的研究结果揭示了货运铁路对减少空气污染的贡献，并彰显了“公转铁”交通转型的重要性。

主讲人学术简介：

谭娅，现任对外经济贸易大学国际经济贸易学院助理教授。2016年获北京大学光华管理学院经济学博士学位，2018-2020年作为博雅博士后在北京大学进行科研工作。主要研究领域为区域与城市经济学、公共经济学。在Journal of Urban Economics、iScience、《金融研究》《经济学(季刊)》《世界经济》等国内外期刊发表论文20余篇。主持自然科学基金青年项目（72203039）“教育资源的优化配置策略研究——基于高中田野调查的实证分析”。